In Latin America, many cats and dogs are free-roaming, causing a host of public health concerns, like fecal contamination of public spaces, attacks and predation of wildlife and livestock, and aggressive behaviors toward humans. Pets are also a major source of illnesses transmitted to people. In fact, 60% of all human diseases come from animals. For a complex problem that encroaches on so many aspects of society, a One Health approach is the only effective option. Through improving animal welfare and responsible care and management, we can improve outcomes in all three areas of the One Health triad.